Alison Cordeiro Sousa – Student of the International Relations course and Researcher at the Asian Business Studies Center (GIRL / ESPM)
Republic of China (RDC) ou Taiwan, is an island located at 200 km from the People's Republic of China (RPC), with independent government and being recognized as a country by 20 nations in the world (BARBOSA, JUNIOR from SATUR, 2016). A RPC, watch the island, as a rebel province that is part of its territory, according to Ivanov (2022). Russia's occupation of Ukraine, in 24 February 2022, with tacit support from China to the Russian invasion, sustained in the international system, speculation about Beijing's intentions with Taiwan (YEUNG, GAN e JIANG, 2022). For example, Thaddeus (2022) states that China's abstention from voting in the United Nations Security Council (HIM-HER-IT) in the resolution of criticism of the Russian country, raised concerns around the world over the possibility of China launching an attack on the island.
one of the leading European countries in sustainable initiatives, the tension between the United States and China over Taiwan has been accelerating, and this article has the purpose of showing how the disturbances have been rising more and more, since the beginning of Joe Biden's government. Com a recente ida in DRC, by Nancy Pelosi, Speaker of the United States House of Representatives, China sees this as further energizing tensions with Taiwan, in threatening the peace and stability of the island strait (BARBOSA, JUNIOR from SATUR, 2016). That is, the Chinese who claim the existence of a single China in the region, view this act as an infringement of their sovereignty. On the other hand, the US Congress honors its commitment to supporting Taiwan's vibrant democracy.
According to authors Goldstein and Schriver (2001), another factor that contributes to tensions, are the laws in force in the countries. In this way, the antisecession law enacted in 2005 pelo presidente Hu Jintao, establishes non-peaceful measures to repress Taiwan, in case of attempted separation or independence from the island (MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA, 2005). And in the United States, Taiwan Relations Act, shows that the country recognizes only one China, that is, Taiwan cannot be an independent country, but the People's Republic of China cannot threaten or take military force from the island (UNITED STATES CONGRESS, 1979). and to avoid, the US pledges to politically and militarily support Taiwan, which has an average of more than 60% of the population wishing to maintain the status quo of the state, that is, consider themselves independent from China (STATISTA, 2022).
Taiwan Relations Act demonstrates American support for investments in the Republic of China (RDC) in fleets of state-of-the-art submarines or military instruments, to further strengthen its military security capabilities in the region. the installation of 8 new submarines started in the port city of Kaohsiung, planned to carry out tests at sea from 2025 (hurts, 2020). Since 2019, Taiwan acquires nearly $15 billion of US-shipped military equipment (HARRIS, 2022). Including dozens of F-16 fighter jets, M1A2T tanks, anti-aircraft missiles, Portable Stingers etc.. This is, a way for the US to militarily support Taiwan, against the constant Chinese threats.
In 30 from May of 2022, China held military exercises in airspace on the Taiwanese island with 30 aircraft, between them, 22 fighters. and the next day, the US announced a cooperation plan between the US National Guard and Taiwanese military forces (DELGADO, 2022). China claims that the island is part of its territory and that it has sovereignty over the island.. On the other hand, Taiwan accuses Beijing of carrying out deliberate tests within its airspace. And Biden stands firm in his speeches, declaring that he is willing to respond militarily in the region in the event of China's invasion of Taiwan., demonstration that was held jointly by Fumio Kishida, japanese prime minister, in the Tokyo metropolitan area (LIPTAK e JUDD, 2022).
While the White House was quick to play down Biden's comments not to send troops if China tries to retake Taiwan. (COSTA, 2022), the Yeungs, Gan e Jiang (2022), no other country is as deeply entwined in the dispute as the US., who has an entangled history with both sides and has long walked a delicate middle ground. This makes the tension between countries increasingly.
Tian (2022) states that China has increased its military spending on 7,1%, outpacing slower economic growth, around 5,5%, including a slump in the country's vast real estate sector and lackluster consumption. This shows that the country may be preparing for an offensive military action against Taiwan.. And raising your military capability, since the US militarily supports the island. It is difficult to report whether you will definitely have a short-term or long-term conflict. But, it is a fact that more and more tensions between China, United States and Taiwan, has been increasing under Joe Biden's administration.
BARBOSA, Vinicius A.; JUNIOR, Augusto W.. M. T.; SATUR, Roberto V. Who cares about Taiwan?, Paraíba, 2016. 2-12. Available in: <http://repositorio.asces.edu.br/handle/123456789/191>. Access in: 20 September 2022.
COSTA, Christian. White House corrects Biden speech on military intervention in Taiwan, May 2022. Available in: <https://revistaoeste.com/mundo/casa-branca-corrige-fala-de-biden-sobre-intervencao-militar-em-taiwan/>. Access in: 1 June 2022.
DELGADO, Inês. Taiwan military announces “cooperation” agreement with US National Guard, Porto, 2022. Available in: <https://www.revistaport.com/militares-de-taiwan-anunciam-acordo-de-cooperacao-com-a-guarda-nacional-dos-eua/>. Access in: 25 August 2022.
GOLDSTEIN, Steven M.; SCHRIVER, Randall. An Uncertain Relationship: The United States, Taiwan and the Taiwan Relations Act, Cambridge, August 2001. 147-172. Access in: 21 September 2022.
HARRIS, Bryant. Document reveals $14 billion backlog of US defense transfers to Taiwan, 14 April 2022. Available in: <https://www.defensenews.com/pentagon/2022/04/14/pandemic-delays-spark-14-billion-backlog-of-us-defense-transfers-to-taiwan/>. Access in: 1 June 2022.
IVANOV, VLADIMIR. Rebel island: Is China once again ready to resolve the “Taiwan question” by force?, Moscow, 19 April 2022. Available in: <http://www.msk-post.com/in_world/rebel_island_is_china_once_again_ready_to_resolve_the_taiwan_question_by_force33241/>. Access in: 1 June 2022.
hurts, Brad. Taiwan invests in state-of-the-art submarines to ward off Chinese threat, 20 December 2020. Available in: <https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/internacional/taiwan-investe-em-submarinos-de-ultima-geracao-para-afastar-ameaca-chinesa/>. Access in: 27 May 2022.
LIPTAS, Kevin; JUDD, DJ. Biden says willing to 'respond militarily' if China invades Taiwan, 23 May 2022. Available in: <https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/internacional/biden-diz-estar-disposto-a-responder-militarmente-se-a-china-invadir-taiwan/>. Access in: 1 June 2022.
MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA. Anti-Secession Law (Full text)(03/15/05), 15 March 2005. Available in: <https://www.mfa.gov.cn/ce/ceus/eng/zt/999999999/t187406.htm>. Access in: 31 May 2022.
STATISTA. Opinion on cross-strait relations in Taiwan as of January 2018, by age group, 25 Janeiro 2022. Available in: <https://www.statista.com/statistics/874679/opinion-on-cross-strait-relations-in-taiwan-by-age-group/>. Access in: 1 June 2022.
THADEU, vinicius. Brazil and 10 countries vote for resolution critical of Russia at UN; China abstains, 25 February 2022. Available in: <https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/internacional/brasil-e-10-paises-votam-por-resolucao-critica-a-russia-na-onu-china-se-abstem/>. Access in: 1 June 2022.
TIAN, Yew L. China plans 7.1% defence spending rise this year, outpacing GDP target, 5 March 2022. Available in: <https://www.reuters.com/markets/asia/china-defence-spending-rise-outpace-gdp-target-this-year-2022-03-05/>. Access in: 1 June 2022.
UNITED STATES CONGRESS. H.R.2479 — 96th Congress (1979-1980), 1 Janeiro 1979. Available in: <https://www.congress.gov/bill/96th-congress/house-bill/2479#:~:text=Taiwan Relations Act - Declares it,other people of the Western>. Access in: 17 August 2022.
YEUNG, jessie; HOWEVER, Nectar; JIANG, Steven. What you need to know about China-Taiwan tensions, 25 May 2022. Available in: <https://edition.cnn.com/2022/05/24/china/china-taiwan-conflict-explainer-intl-hnk/index.html>. Access in: 1 June 2022.
Alison Cordeiro Sousa – Student of the International Relations course and Researcher at the Asian Business Studies Center (GIRL / ESPM)
Republic of China (RDC) ou Taiwan, is an island located at 200 km from the People's Republic of China (RPC), with independent government and being recognized as a country by 20 nations in the world (BARBOSA, JUNIOR from SATUR, 2016). A RPC, watch the island, as a rebel province that is part of its territory, according to Ivanov (2022). Russia's occupation of Ukraine, in 24 February 2022, with tacit support from China to the Russian invasion, sustained in the international system, speculation about Beijing's intentions with Taiwan (YEUNG, GAN e JIANG, 2022). For example, Thaddeus (2022) states that China's abstention from voting in the United Nations Security Council (HIM-HER-IT) in the resolution of criticism of the Russian country, raised concerns around the world over the possibility of China launching an attack on the island.
one of the leading European countries in sustainable initiatives, the tension between the United States and China over Taiwan has been accelerating, and this article has the purpose of showing how the disturbances have been rising more and more, since the beginning of Joe Biden's government. Com a recente ida in DRC, by Nancy Pelosi, Speaker of the United States House of Representatives, China sees this as further energizing tensions with Taiwan, in threatening the peace and stability of the island strait (BARBOSA, JUNIOR from SATUR, 2016). That is, the Chinese who claim the existence of a single China in the region, view this act as an infringement of their sovereignty. On the other hand, the US Congress honors its commitment to supporting Taiwan's vibrant democracy.
According to authors Goldstein and Schriver (2001), another factor that contributes to tensions, are the laws in force in the countries. In this way, the antisecession law enacted in 2005 pelo presidente Hu Jintao, establishes non-peaceful measures to repress Taiwan, in case of attempted separation or independence from the island (MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA, 2005). And in the United States, Taiwan Relations Act, shows that the country recognizes only one China, that is, Taiwan cannot be an independent country, but the People's Republic of China cannot threaten or take military force from the island (UNITED STATES CONGRESS, 1979). and to avoid, the US pledges to politically and militarily support Taiwan, which has an average of more than 60% of the population wishing to maintain the status quo of the state, that is, consider themselves independent from China (STATISTA, 2022).
Taiwan Relations Act demonstrates American support for investments in the Republic of China (RDC) in fleets of state-of-the-art submarines or military instruments, to further strengthen its military security capabilities in the region. the installation of 8 new submarines started in the port city of Kaohsiung, planned to carry out tests at sea from 2025 (hurts, 2020). Since 2019, Taiwan acquires nearly $15 billion of US-shipped military equipment (HARRIS, 2022). Including dozens of F-16 fighter jets, M1A2T tanks, anti-aircraft missiles, Portable Stingers etc.. This is, a way for the US to militarily support Taiwan, against the constant Chinese threats.
In 30 from May of 2022, China held military exercises in airspace on the Taiwanese island with 30 aircraft, between them, 22 fighters. and the next day, the US announced a cooperation plan between the US National Guard and Taiwanese military forces (DELGADO, 2022). China claims that the island is part of its territory and that it has sovereignty over the island.. On the other hand, Taiwan accuses Beijing of carrying out deliberate tests within its airspace. And Biden stands firm in his speeches, declaring that he is willing to respond militarily in the region in the event of China's invasion of Taiwan., demonstration that was held jointly by Fumio Kishida, japanese prime minister, in the Tokyo metropolitan area (LIPTAK e JUDD, 2022).
While the White House was quick to play down Biden's comments not to send troops if China tries to retake Taiwan. (COSTA, 2022), the Yeungs, Gan e Jiang (2022), no other country is as deeply entwined in the dispute as the US., who has an entangled history with both sides and has long walked a delicate middle ground. This makes the tension between countries increasingly.
Tian (2022) states that China has increased its military spending on 7,1%, outpacing slower economic growth, around 5,5%, including a slump in the country's vast real estate sector and lackluster consumption. This shows that the country may be preparing for an offensive military action against Taiwan.. And raising your military capability, since the US militarily supports the island. It is difficult to report whether you will definitely have a short-term or long-term conflict. But, it is a fact that more and more tensions between China, United States and Taiwan, has been increasing under Joe Biden's administration.
BARBOSA, Vinicius A.; JUNIOR, Augusto W.. M. T.; SATUR, Roberto V. Who cares about Taiwan?, Paraíba, 2016. 2-12. Available in: <http://repositorio.asces.edu.br/handle/123456789/191>. Access in: 20 September 2022.
COSTA, Christian. White House corrects Biden speech on military intervention in Taiwan, May 2022. Available in: <https://revistaoeste.com/mundo/casa-branca-corrige-fala-de-biden-sobre-intervencao-militar-em-taiwan/>. Access in: 1 June 2022.
DELGADO, Inês. Taiwan military announces “cooperation” agreement with US National Guard, Porto, 2022. Available in: <https://www.revistaport.com/militares-de-taiwan-anunciam-acordo-de-cooperacao-com-a-guarda-nacional-dos-eua/>. Access in: 25 August 2022.
GOLDSTEIN, Steven M.; SCHRIVER, Randall. An Uncertain Relationship: The United States, Taiwan and the Taiwan Relations Act, Cambridge, August 2001. 147-172. Access in: 21 September 2022.
HARRIS, Bryant. Document reveals $14 billion backlog of US defense transfers to Taiwan, 14 April 2022. Available in: <https://www.defensenews.com/pentagon/2022/04/14/pandemic-delays-spark-14-billion-backlog-of-us-defense-transfers-to-taiwan/>. Access in: 1 June 2022.
IVANOV, VLADIMIR. Rebel island: Is China once again ready to resolve the “Taiwan question” by force?, Moscow, 19 April 2022. Available in: <http://www.msk-post.com/in_world/rebel_island_is_china_once_again_ready_to_resolve_the_taiwan_question_by_force33241/>. Access in: 1 June 2022.
hurts, Brad. Taiwan invests in state-of-the-art submarines to ward off Chinese threat, 20 December 2020. Available in: <https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/internacional/taiwan-investe-em-submarinos-de-ultima-geracao-para-afastar-ameaca-chinesa/>. Access in: 27 May 2022.
LIPTAS, Kevin; JUDD, DJ. Biden says willing to 'respond militarily' if China invades Taiwan, 23 May 2022. Available in: <https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/internacional/biden-diz-estar-disposto-a-responder-militarmente-se-a-china-invadir-taiwan/>. Access in: 1 June 2022.
MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA. Anti-Secession Law (Full text)(03/15/05), 15 March 2005. Available in: <https://www.mfa.gov.cn/ce/ceus/eng/zt/999999999/t187406.htm>. Access in: 31 May 2022.
STATISTA. Opinion on cross-strait relations in Taiwan as of January 2018, by age group, 25 Janeiro 2022. Available in: <https://www.statista.com/statistics/874679/opinion-on-cross-strait-relations-in-taiwan-by-age-group/>. Access in: 1 June 2022.
THADEU, vinicius. Brazil and 10 countries vote for resolution critical of Russia at UN; China abstains, 25 February 2022. Available in: <https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/internacional/brasil-e-10-paises-votam-por-resolucao-critica-a-russia-na-onu-china-se-abstem/>. Access in: 1 June 2022.
TIAN, Yew L. China plans 7.1% defence spending rise this year, outpacing GDP target, 5 March 2022. Available in: <https://www.reuters.com/markets/asia/china-defence-spending-rise-outpace-gdp-target-this-year-2022-03-05/>. Access in: 1 June 2022.
UNITED STATES CONGRESS. H.R.2479 — 96th Congress (1979-1980), 1 Janeiro 1979. Available in: <https://www.congress.gov/bill/96th-congress/house-bill/2479#:~:text=Taiwan Relations Act - Declares it,other people of the Western>. Access in: 17 August 2022.
YEUNG, jessie; HOWEVER, Nectar; JIANG, Steven. What you need to know about China-Taiwan tensions, 25 May 2022. Available in: <https://edition.cnn.com/2022/05/24/china/china-taiwan-conflict-explainer-intl-hnk/index.html>. Access in: 1 June 2022.
