BRICS – World map

The need to reform the Global Financial Architecture

17Aug

By Rodrigo CintraNo Comments

The need to reform the Global Financial Architecture

G-20 meeting (added to Spain and Holland) in 2008 during a meeting in the USA. The constant and increasingly impactful financial crises that have occurred since the last decades of the last century show that a reform of the Global Financial Architecture is necessary.. Before I understand what it means, it is important to know what the global financial architecture is. The global financial architecture can be defined as a set of international agreements and international institutions that promotes the international flow of capital with the aim of facilitating investment and financing international trade.. It is the consolidation of coordinated work (even if informally) of different Multilateral Agreements, Central Banks and Intergovernmental Organizations. Between the...

The BRICS Contingent Reserve Agreement as an alternative to Brazil

4Oct

By Rodrigo CintraNo Comments

Americas, Argentina, Brazil, BRICS, International Organizations

The BRICS Contingent Reserve Agreement as an alternative to Brazil

Contribution of each state to the BRICS Contingent Reserve Agreement. In times of global economic crisis it is important for countries to have quick access to international currencies in order to maintain their ability to pay internationally. To a large extent it is this availability of reserves that the International Monetary Fund (IMF) makes available. The problem, in this case, is that the IMF only releases resources through the commitment and implementation of a series of fiscal austerity policies. The IMF's objective is to ensure that the borrowing country is able to repay the resource., but this usually leads to a deepening of the internal economic crisis. (in what economists call pro-cyclical actions). In 2014, in a movement to create alternatives ...

Brazilian insertion in international trade blocks

1Oct

By Rodrigo CintraNo Comments

Americas, Brazil, BRICS, International Organizations

Brazilian insertion in international trade blocks

Main trading partners for each state in Brazil The global integration of production processes is a reality that has already been confirmed, but still not well used by Brazil. To have a current example of the relevance of the integration of countries into productive blocks, just look at the case of England. with your exit (which is not even complete) of the European Union what you see is the chaos of production and product supply. lack workers, raw material and products to be consumed in the country, who believed to have a self-sufficient economy. As much as we don't realize, each product we consume depends on actions carried out in the most diverse places in the world. The integration of this production process is called the Global Value Chain, having several productive steps until the final product: e...

The weak Brazilian participation in the BRICS

20Sep

By Rodrigo CintraNo Comments

BRICS, International Organizations

The weak Brazilian participation in the BRICS

BRICS Leaders at the 13th Summit (Alamy's photo) The beginning of September marked the anniversary of 15 years of the BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa), what was registered at the 13th Summit of the BRICS. The event went unnoticed by most of the Brazilian press, which demonstrates the little relevance that the bloc has received from the Brazilian government. This low interest leads to a great loss of potential for Brazilian foreign policy. Some numbers to illustrate the relevance of the BRICS to the world: the countries that make up the bloc represent more than 40% of the world population and almost 25% do PIB global . In addition to these numbers, the geographic diversity of the member countries also draws attention., with a presence on all continents. The block has an important agenda, ...

BRICS and the Covid-19 vaccine, one more chance missed

17Jun

By Rodrigo CintraNo Comments

Americas, Asia, Brazil, BRICS, China, Europe, India, International Organizations, Russia

BRICS and the Covid-19 vaccine, one more chance missed

REUTERS FILE PHOTO Vaccination for Covid-19 is advancing and the world begins to breathe a sigh of relief, but it hides a much harsher and more unequal reality in the world we live in. Access to vaccines, as well as its production, it is the result of power relations that only reinforce the inequality that exists between countries.. Once the size of the problem with Covid-19 became clear, the richest countries started their efforts to produce vaccines and to purchase or block in advance the vaccines to be produced. To get an idea, by the end of 2020 these countries had already guaranteed 3,8 billions of doses. The amount purchased by countries like the United States and European countries far exceeded their population. only the USA, for example, bought vaccines that surpassed 5 doses per....

11Nov

By Fausto GodoyNo Comments

Americas, Asia, BRICS, China, U.S, India, International Organizations, Global Themes

Joe Biden's Asia

Joe Biden (US President) e Xi Jinping (President from China) at a meeting in China in 2013 - AP Photo Lintao Zhang Asia has traditionally been an enigma for American administrations, who find partners in the region - or not - with the dimension of China, India, Japan and South Korea, economic giants whose long shared history reveals nuances and presents challenges that go beyond the simplistic Western ideal of “Trump style”. From you, over the past century, Asian countries have chosen regional security as a priority in their relationship with the United States. From the end of II the War, Americans are committed to ensuring peacekeeping in the eastern Pacific. This commitment is before the State rather than the government, as evidenced by “Taiw ...

About China and the future of the world economy

19Oct

By Fausto GodoyNo Comments

Asia, BRICS, China, International Organizations

About China and the future of the world economy

The title of the article by Celso Ming, in today's edition of Estadão, is "China is already the largest economy in the world". Nothing that informed analysts - and less preconceptions - did not already take for granted: for them, it was not "if", but "when" this would happen ... Actually, the calculation that led Ming to make such a statement was based on the “Gross Domestic Product by Purchasing Power Parity” (PPC), that is, "How much a country can buy in goods and services with its currency". This parameter has already been used, by the way, by the International Monetary Fund, by the World Bank and the American intelligence agency itself, to CIA, to measure income-related quantities. For him, this benchmark reflects the real economy better than data such as “nominal GDP”, which computes riq ...

The BRICS as a rehearsal for the new Bretton Woods

28Sep

By Rodrigo CintraNo Comments

Africa, South Africa, Americas, Asia, Brazil, BRICS, China, Europe, India, International Organizations, Russia

The BRICS as a rehearsal for the new Bretton Woods

Photo: Press Release / The Economist 2015 is a potentially important year for the Brazilian international positioning, was when the New Development Bank was created (https://www.ndb.int/) by the formed BRICS countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa). The Bank came as an alternative to the already consolidated World Bank (https://www.worldbank.org/en/who-we-are/ibrd) and Inter-American Development Bank (https://www.iadb.org/pt/sobre-o-bid/visao-geral). Although the former is also under strong European influence, both are in a United States control sphere. Broadly speaking, the Bank of the BRICS focuses on supporting the development of structural works, especially linked to infrastructure. On the other hand, it also has an important political function..

Aligning is not submitting – the strange Brazil / United States case

4Aug

By Rodrigo CintraNo Comments

Americas, Brazil, BRICS, U.S

Aligning is not submitting – the strange Brazil / United States case

President Donald J. Trump welcomes President Jair Bolsonaro of the Federative Republic of Brazil to the White House Tuesday, March 19, 2019 (Official White House Photo by Tia Dufour) On different occasions, we can see how Brazilian government leaders affirm the alignment they seek with the United States. From President Bolsonaro and his children to Chancellor Ernesto Araújo, you can see statements of how we are aligned and how it will benefit the country. It is interesting to note that they cannot explain what benefits we will have, reducing much of the discourse to a superficial ideological view, which they say is the way to avoid the left. Much of this positioning is the result of a more limited view of the international system, perceiving states within a duality ...

Latin America and BRICS: where Brazil should look

1Aug

By Rodrigo CintraNo Comments

Americas, Brazil, BRICS, China, U.S

Latin America and BRICS: where Brazil should look

The current Brazilian foreign policy has occurred erratically. Although it is argued that it seeks new alignments, the truth is that there is no clear line, based on the pursuit of the country's interests. But not everything is the fault of the current direction that is imprinted on foreign policy, the world has changed and posed new challenges. The structuring polarity of the Cold War has long since ended. Since then, the world has been going through important movements to reorganize the forces, forcing states to seek political positions that offer them more returns. We last 10 years, in particular, this search for a reorganization of the international system was even more confusing. Today the so-called multilateral system is showing ever greater limits, at the same time that we see some powers i ...