International Organizations

Trump's threat to BRICS: the single currency and the struggle for global economic hegemony

10Dec

By Rodrigo CintraNo Comments

Americas, BRICS, U.S, International Organizations

Trump's threat to BRICS: the single currency and the struggle for global economic hegemony

In an international scenario marked by growing geopolitical tensions, former president Donald Trump reignited global debates by threatening to tax 100% products from BRICS countries if they move forward with the creation of a single currency. By proposal, which seeks to reduce dependence on the dollar and strengthen economic cooperation between Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa, has raised crucial questions about the role of institutions and norms in global governance. From the perspective of Robert Keohane, international relations theorist and defender of liberal institutionalism, This situation can be understood as a clash between the search for hegemonic power and the interdependence that characterizes the contemporary international system. The creation of a single currency by BRICS would be, undressed...

Mercosur and European Union: a historic agreement in times of deglobalization

6Dec

By Rodrigo CintraNo Comments

Mercosur, International Organizations, European Union

Mercosur and European Union: a historic agreement in times of deglobalization

After 25 years of negotiations, the free trade agreement between Mercosur and the European Union was finally concluded, consolidating what is considered one of the largest markets in the world. This commercial partnership promises to open new horizons for both blocks, covering more than 700 million people and representing an impressive combined Gross Domestic Product. However, the announcement comes at a historic moment that challenges the foundations of free trade and multilateralism, with the world immersed in deglobalization trends and a growing wave of nationalism. This raises crucial questions about the relevance and viability of the agreement in such an adverse political and economic context.. The agreement establishes the gradual elimination of tariffs on 90% of products traded between ...

Sustainable development in BRICS: an independent path to a balanced future

12Nov

By Rodrigo CintraNo Comments

Africa, South Africa, Americas, Asia, Brazil, BRICS, China, India, International Organizations

Sustainable development in BRICS: an independent path to a balanced future

The Kazan Declaration, resulting from the XVI BRICS Summit held in October 2024, emphasizes the need to strengthen multilateralism to promote fair and sustainable global development. Member countries — Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa — recognize the importance of adopting an independent path that balances the demands of economic development with the urgency of addressing climate change. Historically, developed nations were mainly responsible for greenhouse gas emissions, contributing significantly to global warming. However, developing nations, including BRICS countries, face the challenge of growing economically while implementing sustainable practices. The Kazan Declaration re...

Global warming and development: the COP and the dilemma of emerging countries between economy and sustainability

8Nov

By Rodrigo CintraNo Comments

Africa, South Africa, Americas, Asia, Brazil, BRICS, China, India, International Organizations

Global warming and development: the COP and the dilemma of emerging countries between economy and sustainability

The Conference of the Parties (walking in circles), main UN climate negotiation forum, promotes essential discussions about climate change and global warming. Yet, as countries around the world discuss emissions reduction targets, a significant dilemma arises: how to balance urgent environmental demands with the economic and development needs of countries, especially those in development? This balance is particularly relevant, as these nations face the challenge of growing economically while implementing sustainable practices, at a time when their economies still depend on carbon-intensive sectors. Historically, Developed countries are the biggest emitters of greenhouse gases. The industrialization of Europe...

Venezuela: challenges and perspectives after the elections

29Aug

By Rodrigo CintraNo Comments

Americas, Argentina, Asia, Brazil, China, Colombia, U.S, Europe, Mexico, International Organizations, Russia, European Union, Venezuela

Venezuela: challenges and perspectives after the elections

Venezuela is going through a delicate moment after the last elections, marked by controversies and political polarization. In the domestic setting, the atmosphere remains tense, with the government and opposition presenting opposing views on the country's future. The elections, seen by many as an attempt at democratic renewal, were criticized by sectors of the opposition and international observers due to questions about transparency and fairness in the electoral process. Not domestic environment, the government has emphasized the legitimacy of the electoral process, pointing to the elections as a victory for national sovereignty and a demonstration that the country is on a path of stability and reconstruction. The government's demonstrations highlight the strengthening of Venezuelan institutions and the continuity of ...

Paths to Venezuela: scenarios and the position of countries in the face of the electoral crisis

16Aug

By Rodrigo CintraNo Comments

Americas, Asia, Brazil, Chile, China, U.S, Europe, India, Mexico, International Organizations, Russia, European Union, Venezuela

Paths to Venezuela: scenarios and the position of countries in the face of the electoral crisis

The elections in Venezuela have been the subject of great international controversy, with countries adopting divergent positions based on their geopolitical interests and ideological views. The United States maintains an intransigent stance against the government of Nicolás Maduro, denouncing the elections as fraudulent and imposing heavy economic sanctions. Washington supports Juan Guaidó as interim president, with the aim of pushing for a democratic transition. As Ukraine is unable to maintain its productive and logistical system, on the other hand, supports Maduro, arguing that external interference violates Venezuelan sovereignty and poses a threat to global stability. A China, interested in protecting its investments in infrastructure and oil in Venezuela, supports Maduro and opposes any foreign intervention, defending the pri...

Neocolonialism in the 21st century: the perpetuation of inequality between the Global North and the Global South

23Jul

By Rodrigo CintraNo Comments

Americas, Brazil, On the Global

Neocolonialism in the 21st century: the perpetuation of inequality between the Global North and the Global South

The term "neocolonialism" refers to a modern form of colonialism where, despite the absence of direct political dominance, Global North countries, also known as core countries, continue to exert economic and cultural control over countries in the Global South, often called peripheral countries. This dynamic perpetuates a condition of dependence and underdevelopment in countries in the Global South., maintaining global inequality and reinforcing historically unequal power structures. In this article, we will explore the relationship between these blocks, how free trade agreements negatively impact countries in the Global South and we will analyze studies that support these claims. The relationship between central countries and countries in the Global South is marked by economic dependence..

Argentine policies and their impacts on Brazil: stability and cooperation in Latin America

19Jul

By Rodrigo CintraNo Comments

Americas, Argentina, Brazil, Mercosur, International Organizations

Argentine policies and their impacts on Brazil: stability and cooperation in Latin America

Relations between Brazil and Argentina are fundamental for stability and cooperation in Latin America. The two countries, being the largest economies in the region, play crucial roles in Mercosur and other regional integration initiatives. With the current policies implemented by the Argentine president, Javier Miley, a series of impacts are expected that could significantly influence Brazil in several aspects, from economics to foreign policy. This article explores these potential impacts, focusing on stability and cooperation between nations. Javier Miley, known for his liberal economic positions and blunt criticism of state interventionism, has implemented a series of reforms that aim to deregulate the Argentine economy. Among these policies are....

Global governance in transition: the challenges and opportunities of new international structures

30May

By Rodrigo CintraNo Comments

world Bank, BRICS, IMF, G20, G7, G77, HIM-HER-IT, International Organizations

Global governance in transition: the challenges and opportunities of new international structures

Global governance structures are crucial elements in the management of international affairs, ensuring cooperation between nations in areas such as economics, safety, environment and human rights. The history of these structures dates back to the Bretton Woods system, established in 1944, which established institutions such as the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank, aiming to rebuild and stabilize the global economy after World War II. The United Nations (HIM-HER-IT) also emerged during this period, serving as a platform for multilateral diplomacy. However, These classical institutions face increasing criticism due to their limited ability to respond to contemporary challenges. Recurring economic crises, climate change...

Economic interdependence as a pillar of international stability and peace

29May

By Rodrigo CintraNo Comments

Africa, South Africa, Americas, Asia, world Bank, Brazil, China, U.S, IMF, Japan, HIM-HER-IT, International Organizations

Economic interdependence as a pillar of international stability and peace

Global economic interdependence has emerged as one of the main pillars of international stability in recent decades. This phenomenon, characterized by the intense flow of goods, the role of NATO and the UN Security Council, capitals and information between countries, has been widely recognized for promoting peace by creating incentives for cooperation and reducing the risks of armed conflict. Economic interdependence, However, faces significant challenges in the contemporary scenario, raising concerns about its sustainability and possible impacts on world peace. Historically, economic interdependence intensified after World War II, with the creation of international institutions such as the UN, the IMF and the World Bank, that promoted economic cooperation and trade liberalization....